Cash register and indicator



' (No Model.) A 5 Sheets-Sheet 1.

E. G. WATROUS.

CASH 'REGISTER AND INDlGATOR.

No. 544,243. Patented Aug. 6, 1895.

INYENTDRa EARL E: WZ TRUS,

(No Modl.) 5 Shets--Sheet 2.

ILG. WATROUS. CASH REGISTER AND INDIGAIOR-l No. 544,243. Patented 411g. 6,1895. i

l L l s MUMNOON H0 E'ARL E: WATRUUS,

(No Model.) 5 Sheets-SheetA 3.

E. G. WATROUS. CASH REGISTER AND INDICATOR.

No. 544,243. Patented Rug. 6,1895.

R R R- s Q E as g m H-3 m N I m OH CQ @Q YH l@ C9 P WIENER-Isra; INYENIIDIR.;

u A B1-RL E. WATRDUE, RM1? A 4' (No Model.) 5 Sheets-A-Sheet 4..v

E. G. WATROUS. CASH REGISTER' AND` INDICATOR.

No. 544,243. Patented Aug. 6, 1895. y

EARL Ef. WA'I'UUS.

(No Model.) 5 Sheets-Sheet 5. E. G.WATROUS. CASH REGISTER AND INDICATOR.

INYENTEI R;

E, U m. M w 5. L m E UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

EARL G. VVATROUS, OF HOOSICK FALLS, ASSIGNOR TO THE CAPITAL CASH REGISTER COMPANY, OF TROY, NEW YORK.

CASH REGISTER AN D INDICATOR.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 544,243, dated August 6, 1895.

Application iiled July 21,1892. Serial No. 440,763. (No model.) l

T all 2071/0711/ i?? may OOTLGWW end elevation of a modified arrangement of Be it known that I, EARL G. VVATROUS, of keyboard and levers, of which Fig. is a the village of Hoosick Falls, in the county of sectional elevation and Fig. 16 is a plan, with Rensselaer and State of New York, have inaportion of the keyboard broken away to 55 5 vented a -new and useful Improvement in show the levers beneath. Fig. 17 is a section Cash-Registers; and I hereby declare that the through one of the sockets of an operatingsubjoined description, in connection with the key. accompanying drawings, constitute afull and In general design the machine is composed e complete specification thereof. of a rectangular base or bottom case 20, fitted 6c ro This invention relates to that class of mawith a cash-drawer 22, which is provided with chines used for the purpose o t' receiving and a suitable lock, whichv is adapted to be actuholding cash, and of making a registration of ated by the depression of the keys, as will be the successive deposits placed therein. more fully described hereinafter. Within the As heretofore made, machines ot' this kind ease the main standard 23 is located, upon 65 I5 have been usually complex in construction, which the principal operative parts are necessitating the employment of alarge nummounted. This standard is constructed with ber of intricate parts, which difficulty my ina rearwardly-projecting keyboard or manual vention is designed to obviate. It is fully 23, which is fitted with three parallel series shown in the drawings, of Whichof plunger-spring keys of nine keys in each 7o zo Figure l is a vertical section through the series, corresponding to the nine digits. The

inclosing-case, showing the Working parts standard has two side pieces for the convenwith one key depressed. Fig. 2 is a plan view ient attachment of the working parts, and beof the same with the top of the inclosing-case neath its bottom is a chamber in which the cut away to show the parts beneath. Fig. 3 spring for throwing the drawer forward when 75 is an elevation of that side of the apparatus it is released is confined. Theworks which opposite to the operator, showing the same' project above the base are inclosed by a reposition of parts as in Figs. 1 and 2. Fig. 4t movable cover 2l, which has an opening 2la is a side elevation in detail of the checking in its front for the exposure of the displayed mechanism. Fig.' 5 is a similar view ot' a indicators and anothersiinilar opening21b on 8o 3o modified checking devi-ce. Fig. 6 is a side eleits back side for the exposure of the figures vation in detail of the parts which act to reon the surface of the registering-wheels for lease the indicators and bring them to rest convenience in reading the total registration. preparatory to indicating a new deposit. Fig. This cover can be confined in place by any of 7 is an elevation of the means provided for the Well-known means used for similar pur- 85 transferring registration from one Wheel to poses.

another. Fig. 8 shows the saine parts in a The invention consists in the combination diiierent position. Fig. 9 is an end view of of as many indicating-tablets (which for conthe transfer mechanism, as seen in the direcvenience are herein called targets as may tion of the arrow in Fig. 7. Fig. 10 is a debe found necessary to indicate any probable 9o 4o tail of one of the antifriction-washers emsingle deposit, the functions of which are to ployed on the spindle to prevent the action indicate to the payer, on each occasion of payof one target from communicating by contact ment and deposit, the exact amount of that motion to its fellow, by separating the hubs particular transaction,a corresponding num of the targets from the hubs ot' the registryber of registering-wheels which are so con- 95 wheels. Figs. 1l shows the opening through nected with the devices-which display the tarwhich the amountof each deposit, as indicated gets as to be simultaneously actuated thereby, by the targets, is read. Fig. 12 shows the upon the cylindrical-surface of each of which openings through which the total amount of is inscribed a system of notation so arranged all deposits, as indicated by the registrythat by means of devices interposed between ron 5o wheels, may be read. Fig. 13 is a face view any two adjacent Wheels the rotation of any of the drawer-locking device. Fig. 14 is an Wheel indicating an inferior denomination of money as many points or units as constitute a unit of the next higher denomination, the wheel indicating that next higher denomination will be advanced one point or unit. These wheels are so inscribed and operated that they always expose at a given reading-point the aggregate of the deposits or transactions had after they were set at zero.

Each wheel and target is under the control io of a principal actuating-lever, which has a series of nine graded impact faces or steps in conjunction with nine operating-keys, one for each step, and which answer to the nine digits. The extent of elevation of the target ig and of the rotary movement of its coacting wheel is predetermined by either of two methods ot constructing, arranging, and operating the keys and the stepped levers. One is by stepping the leverin a plane transverse .feo to the axis of movement of the lever and on aline radiating therefrom, which givesa uniform key-movement in connection with a system of differentiated leverage, while in the other case a differential key-movement and a system of uniform leverage is secured by arranging the series of steps and keys transversely with the levers. Both systems are alike in employing similar keys to coact with a stepped lever, the difference lying in the 3o transposition of the differential feature from the levers tothe keys. Special novel devices are provided for supporting the elevated targets after registration, for releasing and dropping them preparatory to a new use, in special devices for checking and holding theregistry wheels in their correct positions to agree with the indications on their respective targets.

Nearly all of the operative parts are shown 4o in Fig. 1. In this view one of the side pieces ot the frame is broken away, so as to bring into view the mechanism between the two side pieces. The register-wheels 3S, 48, and 58, together with the targets 64, '74, and S-t, are all pivoted on a spindle 3l, which is bolted to one of the sides of the standard and is held therein by a nut, as seen in Fig. 2. Its other end is shouldered and threaded to lita screwbushing 101, which is fitted in a bearing there- 5o for in the side piece ot the standard. This bushing is provided for the purpose of regulating the tension of a coil-spring 102, which is interposed between it and the washer w', which bears against the hub of the wheel 5S. This provision is to hold the wheels when at rest. This is done by screwing it up or unscrewing it, as may be necessary. Washers tu w tu are placed between the hubs of the several pieces on this spindle 34- ot the shape seen in 6o Fig. 10. Each one is provided with a lug t, whichts intoagroove 34C of the spindle. This lug prevents the washer from turning on the spindle whenever either the wheel or the tar-- get is rotated. This provision prevents the pivoted on the spindle St will not allect any other piece.

Just back of the wheels the spindle islocated which carries the target-elevating levers 39, 49, and 59, and also the check-levers 42, 52, and 62. By means of alink and staple connection 66 (57 the respeztive levers 30, 4f), and 59 are connected with the target-arms 65, 75, and S5, while the pallets 40, 50, and G0, at the ends of said levers, serve to communicate motion to the respective registering-wheels. These registering-levers and check-levers are arranged in pairs side by side and each pair coacts with the same wheel, one to rotate it and the other to arrest its forward movement by checking the momentum imparted to it by the lever. Each pair of such levers is placed under the control of a range of operatingkeys corresponding to the nino digits. These keys are disposed in three ranks or series, 103, 10i,and 105, which answer cents, dimes, and dollars, respectively, in the case under consideration, and are placed in a line along and above the top edges of the registering and cheek levers, which lie beneath them and in close parallelism,so that the depression of any key will carry down under it both levers to the downmost limit of its throw. The upper edges of both these levers are stepped, as shown, so as to present a fair seat for receiving the impact ofthe end of thekey; but this is not essential, A plain edge would answer, but perhaps not so effectively.

The stepping of the registering-levers is so arranged with reference to the bottoms of the keys as to be in contact with them when the machine is at rest. Hence the keys have a differential stroke, the key nearest the axle of oscillation 35 having the shortest and the one most distant therefrom the longest one; but the stepping of the arms of the check-levers 42, 52, and G2, which simply throw the detent 43 into engagement with the teeth ot` the wheels, which movement should be uniform for all the levers and for all the digits, is so regulated that when at rest such steps lie in planes at variable distances below the bottom ends of the keys, as seen in Fig. l, and at suoli elevations that when any key is depressed only the latter portion of its stroke is ei'- feotive on the levers, and is just sulicient to throw the detent intoits position between the teeth of the wheel. Thus, when any key is depressed, it first engages the step of the register-lever and in pressing that down, hy means of the pallet 40, rotates the wheel with which it engages until its further revolution is checked by the keystriking thestep ot' the check-lever, and by further depression throwing the detent into engagement with the teeth of the wheel, which engagement so ellected sets the check-lever firmly and resisting all further depression of the key leaves the wheel set locked. Concnrrently with this movement the upward stroke ot the register-lever, by means of the connection '66, has pushed up the target 64: to an elevation, which ex- IDO ' poses before the opening 212i in the case one of the digits, of which a' face view is seen in Fig. 2. Thus elevated the target is supported by the pawl 68, which engages the teeth of the ratchet 69. This pawl is weighted at its lower end to keep it in contact with the ratchet, as well as to check the momentum of the upward throw of the target. When the pressure is removed from the depressed key the spring 1o f throws it up and the preponderant weight of the pallet end of the register-lever and Vof' the detent end of the check-lever cause them to dr0pthus restoring them to their dormant positions. In this way all the targets may be raised so as to indicate dollars, dimes, and cents.

In this machine the registerwheels are graduated into one hundred spaces and every other space is indicated by a ratchet-tooth s. On the cent and dime wheels every tenth interval is marked by a special tooth or lug u, which is provided to aid in transferring registration from one wheel to the next. The faces of the registration-wheels are best seen in Fig. 2, in which the cent and dime wheels show the intervals marked by the digits repeated at each decimal interval. The dollarwheel shows numbering consecutively from 1 to 100. By this combination of' nulnbers the three wheels are capable of registering $100.99. These transfer-lugs may, however, be arranged differently, so as to register as well for every hundredth multiple as for every tenth. The provisions for effecting transfer from one wheel to another are best seen in Figs. 7, 8, and 9. They consist of the doublepointed pallet 41, pivoted to the end of the check-lever 42, having the hook 413, which is adapted to engage the catch p of the dog 95 under certain conditions. The pointz'of this dog is fitted to lie in the path of the special teeth tt u of the register-wheels, the dog itself being pivoted on the bar 96 and weighted so as always to/keep the point t' in contact with the surface of the register-wheel.

The pallet 41A has its double-toothed end set over, as seen in Fig. 9, so that it will work with the teeth of the next adjacent wheel. It works as follows: As the pallet of the registering-lever propels the wheel with which it coacts along, the point t' of the dog 95 drags along on the surface of the wheel between the special teeth to u, the weight of its dependent end holding it in this position, and by reason of such position the guard-catch p,

-beingslightlylifted, keeps the hook 41@ fended off, so that the teeth at the end of' the pallet 41 cannot engage the teeth of the wheel 48, with which it coacts. Thus the upward stroke of the check-lever to which this pallet is attached is fruitless so long as the point t' is kept in Contact with the surface of the regisy ter-wheel; but the moment one of the special teeth u u strikes the point t' it forces it away or forward,which movement carries the guardcatch down, so that the weight at the lower end of the pallet 41 by dropping throws the point of the pallet against or in engagement with the teeth of the register-wheel and also throws the hook 41a over the catch p. In this position the parts rest until the check-lever is depressed when, its shortarm rising, pallet 41 moves the wheel 48 along one tooth. y

This movement is repeated as often as one of the special teeth to ,u passes over the point t', of the dog 95.

For the purpose of enabling the registerwheels to be made as cheaply as possible only half as many teeth are cast on it as there are numbers on the face of the wheel. In order to supplement this apparent lack of teeth the working en'd of the pallet 41 is constructed with two working points, the pitch of which is equal to half that of the wheel with which it works. Thus constructed the pallet and ratchet will register a single graduation, just the same as though there were a full complement of teeth and a single-pointed "pallet,

for in practice it is immaterial whether the wheel was left standing where the leading point of the pallet would fall in next behind the right tooth on the wheel to be acted on or in the interval just ahead of' it, for if it falls in the space just ahead of the right tooth on the wheel the trailing point will engage the right tooth and the following movement of the checklever will accomplish its proper work.

vFrom the foregoing description it will be seen that after a deposit has been registered the targets will all be left standing, so as to display at the opening 21TL the amount of that sale. it is requisitev that they be dropped, in order to bring their pallets into proper position to act on the wheels to make the new record correctly. For this purpose certain provisions connected with the opening and closing of the drawer are provided, which, together with the drawer-lock, will be described together.

The drawer 22 has a part of its central portion cut away at the back to avoid the main standard 23. This leaves a central compartment and two lateral compartments 131 and 132. To the front of the drawer is fitted a lock having a spring-catch 24, which can be operated either by the downstroke of the levers 39 42, dro., or by a key 29, Fig. 13. The details of the lock are seen in Fig. 13. They are inclosed in a suitable. case 30 and consist of a bolt 26, which has two elongated slots c', through which pass the pins 27 27 on which it slides. The upper and lower edges of this bolt are finished substantially of the shape shown, with the two opposed lbeveled slopes a a on the under side and b b on the upper side. Its under edge is fitted with the two notches 28 2S in which the bits of the key work. The bolt is designed to be used in extent of the interval d.

ICO

Beforeanotlier registry can be made IIO the keys to be depressed, so as to force the ends of the registering-levers against the top ofthe catch 24, and by i'orcing it down releases it from its keeper, so that the flat zigzag spring 36, which is interposed between the standard and the rear part of the central compartment partition 13a, acts and throws the drawer ferward, so that it can be further drawn out by the hand or removed altogether, if desired. In closing the drawer the beveled top of the catch in passing under the under edge of the cover is forced down against the spring 25, which throws the latch up after its top has passed its keeper, and thus leaves the case locked. By throwing the bolt to the right the beveled faces a a draw the catch down, and as the end of the bolt is fitted to ll the mortise in the staples the catch is firmly secured in that position, so that it admits of" motion in neither direction. On the contrary, if the bolt is shot to the left, the bevels d cl will throw the catch up il' the spring 25 does notand willhold it there. These upper slopes, however, are not absolutely necessary where thespring is used in connection with the catch, for the latter could throw up the catch without the aid of the slopes.

In use the lock is set in the position as shown in the drawings, Fig. 13; but it sometimes happens that it is necessary to get into the drawer without operating the levers to depress the catch, for that operation makes a register to the extent of the number indicated by the target thrown up in the operation of opening. llence other means are desirable to obtain access to the inside et the drawer without resorting to the keyboard for that purpose. ln such a case the key is used and the bolt thrown to the right, by which means, as before described, the drawer is opened without disturbing the register. The extreme throw to the left is resorted to to exclude intrusion into the drawer and to prevent manipulation of the 1'egister-wheels unwarrantably.

The means for dropping the targets consists ofthe tripliing-bail 100 and the tripping-slide 97, which workin conjunction with the pawls GS. The slide 97 is pivoted at its rear end on a screw or 'other center to some part of the interior of the drawer. lt can play freely on this center, and its front end finds lodgment in the stud 9S. It is fitted with aliftiug-lange e, which is turned down at its front end, as shown, and has the under side of its back end beveled, as seen at y, in dotted line in Fig. 1. The bail 100 is hung on the center 96 and extends toward the front of the machine, as seen in Fig. 2. This bail has a lug 100%` projeeting out from one side toward the slide 97, and at such an elevation that when the drawer is thrown forward the lug will pass over the slide, and as it passes the bevel .e will lift said slide and by so doing carry up the cross-bar of the bail against the under side ofthe pawls 68, 7S, and 88, and by lifting them break their engagement with their respective ratchets G9,

79, and S9, thus releasing the targets, which immediately fall to nero. As the slide fil' passes out from under the lug 100 of the bail the same drops down onto the stop-lug 90, where it rests. The position of the pawl and target are well shown in Fig. G as they appear at the moment of tripping, the target having fallen but the pawl not having resumed its dormant position.

The modification of the-target-actuating mechanism shown in Fig. 5 operates very much as the one just described, but is constructed slightly different. Here the double pointed detent and the pawl are one rigid piece, which is pivoted on the side ot' the cheek-lever at e. The tail-piece of the detent is concaved on its upper edge to correspond with the curve of the periphery ot Athe register-wheel, as at d. `When the lever in this ease is depressed, the target having previously been raised, the detent and the concave d are supposed to strike the periphery of the wheel at the same time, and as they are brought to a seat against it the point ol' the pawl enters the proper' notch in the ratchet (it) preparatory to the drop of the detent a out of engagement with the wheel. Ils weighted extremity keeps it in engagement with the wheel until it is disengaged by the action ofthe trippingbail, as before described.

rlhe modification ot keyboard shown in Figs. le, 15, and 16 exemplifies the system of uniform leverage and a variable stroke of key, so far as the relations existing between either row of keys and the lever with which said row of keys works is concerned. This result is obtained by arranging the stepped member ot' the former combination at right angles with the lever to which it is attached and the keys above and in parallelism therewith. Taking the first lever Si) and its attachments as a type of the other two in the series, and its companion cheek-lever 42 as a like type cf the others, with the rank of keys 103 above it, it will be seen that all the keys are made and mounted alike and have an equal stroke. Attached to a pad on the outer end of the lever 39 the stepped plate 117 is fastened. Each of these steps reading from right to left is at a regular progressivelydnf y creasing distance from the line of the bottom ot' the operating-keys. In juxtaposition with the register-levers are the clieclelevers, which are similarly constructed. Each one of them is provided with a transverse bar, designated n, o, and p, respectively, so adjusted that` their top edges coincide with the lowest steps ot their respective stepped register bars. Thus when a key is pushed down it .first strikes one of the steps of the register-lever and at the last stage of its descent strikes the top of the checklever bar, the remainder of its stroke serving to check the wheel by setting the detent and the pawl which supports the target, and if the transfentooth is in the right position to efleet the transfer of a count from one wheel to the next.

The operation of the machine is as follows: The wheels are set at zero, or so that the zeromarlr shall be presented at the readingoritice 2lb. Then the drawer is pushed in and latched by the latch 24, the bolt of the lock standing as in the drawings. Suppose, then,the first sale and deposit to be made is $4.75. The depression of the key-mark 4 in the dollar series, 7 in the dime series, and 5 in the cent series, will through the agencies before described bring into view at the aperture 2la the figures, as seen in Fig. 1l. At the same time the several wheels will be correspondingly rotated, so as to bring into view at the aperture 2lb the same combination of numbers, only they will be reversed in the order of reading. The drawer being thus opened the deposit is made and then it is closed. As it is being pushed in the tripping slidebevel y rides up on and over the lug 100, and as it turns freely on 'the pivot by which it is attached to the side of the drawer it rises and passes freely over that lug, and after it has passed its drops into its normal position, ready for the next operation. The next deposit we will assume to be forty cents. By pushing down the fourth. key of the dime series the latch will be sprung, thus unfastening the drawer, and the spring 36 throws out the same, and as it moves forward the slide 97 catches the lug 100 of the tripping-bail, and lifting it, trips the pawls 68, 78, and 88, thereby releasing tlie target-ratchets and allowing the targets to fall to their idle position. This will happen as to all the targets except the one connected with the registering-lever, which is under the depressed key. As to this one the target will only fall to the point where the shoulder la of the link 66 will rest on the eye or staple 67, and this will always be at the point to properly designate the new number to be registered.

I therefore claim as my invention- 1. The combination of the described ratchet wheel with the multi-toothed pallet, and means for actuating said pallet; the pitch of the teeth of the ratchet being a multiple of the pitch of the pallet teeth, substantially as described and for the purpose set forth.

2. The combination of the described ratchet wheel, with the multi-toothed pawl or detent, the pitch of the teeth of the ratchet being a multiple of the pitch of the teeth of the pawl, substantially as described and set forth.

3. rThe combination in a cash register of a series of register wheels each of which carries a series of lugs for actuating the transfer device of an adjacent check lever, and a series of sectoral indicators said wheels and indicators being arranged in pairs and both pivoted in a common axis, a series of operating levers and a series of check `levers similarly arranged in pairs and both pivoted on a common fulcrum and adapted to oscillate in parallel planes, each of said check levers (save one) carrying a transfer device for advancing the next wheel, all constructed and arranged to operate substantially in the manner described and for the purposes set forth.

4. The combination in a cash register of a series of register wheels each of which carries a series of lugs for actuating the transfer device of an adjacent check lever, and a series of sectoral indicators, said wheels and indicators being arranged in pairs and both pivoted on a common axis, a series of operating levers and a series of check levers similarly arranged in pairs and both pivoted on a common fulcrum and adapted to oscillate in parallel planes, each of said check levers (save one) carrying a transfer device for advancing the next wheel, and a series of indicator supporting devices, constructed and arranged to operate substantially as specified.

5. The combination with the operating and check levers, of the cash drawer carrying a lock provided with the described spring catch having a contact face of sufficient breadth to span the whole series of levers, and also having provisions for locking said catch down or up against the under side of the operating levers, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

6. The combination in a cash register of two register wheels one of which is provided 95 with transfer lugs for throwing into action a transfer pallet or dog interposed between the wheels, with a check lever equipped with a transfer pallet adapted to act on the adjacent wheel and provisions connected with the roo transfer pallet and lying in the path of rotation of the transfer lugs for throwing said pallet into position to be worked by the elevation of the check lever, substantially as specified. 1

7. The combination in a cash registering mechanism of an actuating registry wheel equipped with a tripper actuating device5-a fulcrumed pawl tripper located in the path of said actuating device adapted when actur lo ated by said device to throw a pallet connected with a key actuated lever (next mentioned), into engagement with another toothed registry wheel, and when uninfluenced by said lug to hold said pawl out of effective engage- 115 ment with said last named wheelg--a lever placed under the control of the operating keys and carrying said palletg-and a toothed registry wheel with which said pallet engages.

In testimony whereof I have hereto sub- :zo scribed my name this 20th day of June, A. D. 1892.

EARL G. WATROUS. In presence of- FRANKLIN SCOTT, C. E. CANFIELD. 

